ABA Family Legal Guide

How the Legal System Works

The Civil Trial: Step by Step

Trials

How does a direct examination differ from a cross-examination?

Direct examination is conducted by the party calling the witness, and is intended to establish that party's case. The witnesses may be cross-examined by the lawyer for the opposing party, a process in which the lawyer will attempt to undermine the testimony given by the witness under direct examination by bringing forth facts favorable to the cross-examining party or discrediting that witness. Cross-examination is generally limited to questioning on matters raised in direct examination.